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What Key Combination In Linux Generates A Backspace Character Free

ALT+NUMPAD ASCII Key Combos: The α and Ω of Creating Obscure Passwords

In the terminal, type Ctrlv and press your backspace. You'll see what code is sent as 'erase'. Say it is ^H. In the remote host, run #stty erase ^H. (Note: use Ctrlv + Backspace, do not type the ^ manually) You can fix the Tab issue with the same as above. Control Keys About the list. An average terminal session accepts a range of control keys. This is a list for a system running Bash, the (by far) most common scenario for a linux user. The list assumes no one has changed the default behavior. The key is the key to press, ^A meaning C-a or Ctrl+A. Many people find it quite surprising when the Backspace key doesn't backspace, the Arrow keys don't move the cursor, the Insert key doesn't insert, and so on. In general only the letter and digit keys on the main keypad can be depended upon to act as their labels suggest. The rest, well. Each has its own story. This is the story of the. Jul 02, 2008  5: Alt + Arrow key. If you're using Linux, you probably know about the pager that allows you to have multiple desktops at one time. Instead of having to move your mouse to the edge of a screen, you can hit Alt and either the left or right arrow key to move from one desktop to another.

As some Microsoft Operating System geeks know, you can type many more characters than are on a standard keyboard by using the ALT+NUMPAD combination technique. For example, by holding down the ALT key, typing 234 on the number pad, then releasing ALT gives you the Ω character. I'm writing this article mostly because when I search around for information on the topic of ALT+Number key combos I find pages that are lacking in details. Most of the pages I found are coming from the angle of using ALT+NUMPAD combinations as shortcuts for typing in non-English languages, but I have another use for them. Using ALT+NUMPAD can make for some very ugly passwords to crack. These odd characters have two major advantages over normal keystrokes:

1. They are unlikely to be in someone's dictionary or brute force list. Try brute forcing a password like 'ace of ♠s' or 'I am the α and the Ω'.

2. Some hardware key loggers will not log these odd characters. Your mileage may vary on this as some key loggers can, so don't rely on it to keep you 100% safe.

I'll cover the 2nd point more in an upcoming article. Using ALT+NUMPAD to type odd characters into your password also has a few disadvantages.

1. The way they are described in this article only works in Microsoft Operating Systems (DOS, Windows 9x, Vista, XP, 2000), and there may be some variation amongst the different versions. If you know of a good way to do the same thing in Linux please email me.

2. Not all applications will let you use these odd characters. For testing I tried the password 'Ωÿ' (ALT+234 and ALT+0255) on a Windows XP local account, and on the IP.Boards at BinRev.com and it worked fine, but not all application will let you use these sorts of characters in your password.

Microsoft has the following to say on the subject of ALT+NUM key codes:

Shortly I'll explain explain the first two methods further. The 3rd is more problematic to work with. First, you may have to edit your registry and add a the REG_SZ value 'HKEY_Current_User/Control Panel/Input Method/EnableHexNumpad', then set it to '1'. Also, depending on where you are trying to type the character the application may interpret your hexadecimal Fs as attempts to bring down the file menu. Since method three is so problematic I'll focus on the first two methods.

First, make sure you are using the number pad and not the top roll number keys, only the number pad works for this. Second, make sure NUM LOCK is on. It does not have to be on in all cases for these key combos to work, but it helps by keeping the number pad from being misinterpreted.

The chart below shows the relevant key codes to get various symbols. The table on the left shows the OEM Extended ASCII character set (AKA: IBM PC Extended Character Set; Extended ASCII; High ASCII; 437 U.S. English). True ASCII is only 7 bit, so the range is 0 to 127. IBM extended it to 8 bits and added more characters. To type these characters you merely have to hold down an ALT key, type the numeric value of the character, then release the ALT key.

The table on the right shows the ANSI character set (AKA: Window's ANSI/ISO Latin-1/ANSI Extended ASCII, though technically they are not exactly the same thing.). To use the ANSI character set you do the same thing as the OEM set, but you preface the number with an extra zero. Notice that the first 127 should be the same in both sets, though values 0-31 may not be viewable in all cases. I've been in 'character encoding hell' just trying to get this article on my site in a readable format.

I'm only covering the first 256 characters of both sets in my chart, in some cases you can go higher but it depends on the application you are typing in. For example, ALT+257 gives me ā in Wordpad, but in Notepad it loops back around the character set and gives me☺(257-256=1 which is ☺ in the OEM set) . If you want to know what key code will bring up a particular character in a certain Windows font run Windows Character Map (charmap.exe) and look in the bottom right corner to find out.

I hope this information is useful to some of you, I'll be referring back to it when I start to write my hardware key logger reviews. Check out the links at the bottom of this page for further information on the topic.

Links:

How to enter Unicode characters in Microsoft Windows
http://www.fileformat.info/tip/microsoft/enter_unicode.htm

ASCII and Unicode and other character encodings
http://qcpages.qc.cuny.edu/~nixon/links/asciiUnicode.html

What Key Combination In Linux Generates A Backspace Character List

Microsoft Character sets
http://www.microsoft.com/typography/unicode/cs.htm

Wikipedia Article on Windows Alt Keycodes
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Alt_Keycodes

A dead key is a special kind of a modifier key on a mechanical typewriter, or computer keyboard, that is typically used to attach a specific diacritic to a base letter.^[1] The dead key does not generate a (complete) character by itself, but modifies the character generated by the key struck immediately after. Thus, a dedicated key is not needed for each possible combination of a diacritic and a letter, but rather only one dead key for each diacritic is needed, in addition to the normal base letter keys.

For example, if a keyboard has a dead key for the grave accent (`), the French character à can be generated by first pressing ` and then a, whereas è can be generated by first pressing ` and then e.^[2]Another example is the Spanish letter Ñ, which can be generated via ~ and N, hence Ñ.

Usually, the diacritic itself can be generated as an isolated character by pressing the dead key followed by space; so a plain grave accent can be typed by pressing ` and then Space.

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Usage[edit]

A dead key is different from a typical modifier key (such as AltGr or ⌥ Option) in that rather than being pressed and held while another key is struck, the dead key is pressed and released before striking the key to be modified. In some computer systems, there is no indication to the user that a dead key has been struck so the key appears dead, but in some text-entry systems, the diacritic is displayed, along with an indication that the system is waiting for another keystroke to complete the typing sequence.

On a typewriter, the character modifier functionality is accomplished mechanically, by striking the diacritical mark without advancing the carriage (in modern terminology, diacritical mark keys on typewriters are non-spacing). With most mechanical typewriters, the key on the keyboard caused a small bar of metal to rise; the letter desired was on the end of the bar. In addition to striking the paper through the ribbon, causing ink to be deposited on the paper, the bar would prevent the platen-paper carriage assembly from advancing. Thus, the following letter will strike the same spot on the paper. A typewriter is made in such a way that one could place an acute accent (´) on a q, for example.

Computers, however, work differently. The dead key temporarily changes the mapping of the keyboard for the next keystroke, which activates a special keyboard mode rather than actually generating a modifier character. Instead of the normal letter, a precomposed variant, with the appropriate diacritic, is generated. Each combination of a diacritic and a base letter must be specified in the character set and must be supported by the font in use.

There is no precomposed character to combine the acute accent with the letter q, striking ´ and then q is likely to result in ´q, with the accent and letter as separate characters. However, in some systems, the invalid typing sequence may be discarded. (By using the combining characters available in the Unicode character set, it may be possible to generate a combination that more or less looks like a q with an acute accent (q́), but that technique is quite distinct from the dead key functionality. In addition, since a letter like q does not normally take accents, font makers may not include the font attributes necessary for a combining accent to be applied successfully or in an attractive way. It is necessary to test this usage on a font by font basis, since support for accenting in this way varies considerably.)

Chained dead keys[edit]

Unicode encoded over one hundred precomposed characters with two diacritics, for use in Latin script for Vietnamese and a number of other languages. For convenience, they are generated on most keyboards supporting them, by pressing the two corresponding deadkeys in any order, followed by the letter key. Therefore, these dead keys are chained, which means that the second keystroke does not trigger any insertion, the system being still awaiting another key press.

This chained dead key behavior is toggled by the dead key flag, which is the fourth argument of the DEADTRANS function (after the base character code, the diacritic code, and the composed character code). If this flag is set to its default value zero, the composed character is inserted; if it is set to one, the composed character code is handled as another diacritic code like those due to dead key presses, and occurs typically as a second argument in other deadlist entries.

Chaining dead keys allows for compose key emulation by simply using the dead key feature. This may be performed either with proprietary keyboard editing software,^[3] or with driver development kits.^[4]

Dead keys on various keyboard layouts[edit]

A key may function as a dead key by default, and many non-English keyboard layouts in particular have dead keys directly on the keyboard. The basic US keyboard does not have any dead keys, but the US-International keyboard layout, available on Windows and the X Window System, places some dead keys directly on similar-looking punctuation marks. Old computer systems, such as the MSX, often had a special key labeled dead key, which in combination with the Ctrl and Shift keys could be used to add some of the diacritics commonly needed in the Western European languages (´, `, ˆ and ¨) to vowels that were typed subsequently.

In the absence of a default dead key, even a normal printing key can temporarily be altered to function as a dead key by simultaneously holding down another modifier key (typically AltGr or Option). In Microsoft Word (and in most other text-input fields), using the Control key with a key that usually resembles the diacritic (e.g. ^ for a circumflex) acts as a dead key: ^[5]

• Ctrl+' → á, é, í, ó, ú
• Ctrl+` → à, è, ì, ò, ù
• Ctrl+⇧ Shift+: → ä, ë, ï, ö, ü, ÿ
• Ctrl+⇧ Shift+^ → â, ê, î, ô, û
• Ctrl+⇧ Shift+~ → ã, õ, ñ
• Ctrl+, → ç

On the Macintosh, many keyboard layouts employ dead keys. In the U.S. layout, the following selection of dead keys appears:

• ⌥ Option+e → á, é, í, ó, ú
• ⌥ Option+` → à, è, ì, ò, ù
• ⌥ Option+u → ä, ë, ï, ö, ü, ÿ
• ⌥ Option+i → â, ê, î, ô, û
• ⌥ Option+n → ã, õ, ñ

For example, when ⌥ Option+E are first pressed simultaneously and then followed by A, the result is á. On a Macintosh, pressing one of these Option-key combinations creates the accent and highlights it, then the final character appears when the key for the base character is pressed. However, some diacritically-marked Latin letters less common in the Western European languages, such as ŵ (used in Welsh) or š (used in many Eastern European languages), cannot be typed with the U.S. layout, which predates Unicode and only provides access to characters found in the legacy Mac Roman character set. Access to many more diacritics is provided by the U.S. Extended keyboard layout.

In AmigaOS, dead keys are generated by pressing Alt in combination with F (acute), G (grave), H (circumflex), J (tilde) or K (trema) (e.g., the ALT-F combination followed by the a key generates á and ALT-F followed by e generates é, whereas ALT-G followed by a generates à and ALT-G followed by e generates è).^[6]

What Key Combination In Linux Generates A Backspace Characteristics

See also[edit]

References[edit]

What Key Combination In Linux Generates A Backspace Character Name

1. ^'Dead Key Definition of Dead Key by Merriam-Webster'. Merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2017-05-01.
2. ^The Unicode Standard, version 8.0.0, ch.05, §12 Strategies for Handling Nonspacing Marks: Keyboard Input https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode8.0.0/ch05.pdf#G1076
3. ^'Chained dead keys'. Kbdedit.com. Retrieved 2017-05-01.
4. ^'Download Windows Driver Kit Version 7.1.0 from Official Microsoft Download Center'. Microsoft.com. 2010-02-26. Retrieved 2017-05-01.
5. ^'How do I get letters with accent marks in Microsoft Word?'. www.computerhope.com. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
6. ^Commodore-Amiga, Inc. AMIGA ROM Kernel Reference Manual LIBRARIES. Addison-Wesley. pp. 823–827. ISBN0-201-56774-1.

What Key Combination In Linux Generates A Backspace Character In Excel

External links[edit]

What Key Combination In Linux Generates A Backspace Character In Word